What is Database? Explain the characteristics of Database Approach. [5]
2.
What are the three layers of the Three-Schema Architecture? Explain. [5]
Database Recovery Techniques
1.
What is the system log used for? What are the typical kinds of entries in a system log? [5]
NoSQL
1.
What is NoSQL? Explain the NOSQL characteristics related to data models and query languages. [5]
Relational Database Design
1.
What is a functional dependency? What are the four informal measures of quality for relational schema design? Explain. [10]
2.
Explain the various Symbols used in E-R Model? [10]
3.
What is normalization? Explain 2NF with example. [5]
SQL
1.
Retrieve the Employee Name, Department Number and Department Name of "John Smith" using Relational Algebra. The relations are given below. a. EMPLOYEE (Ssn, Fname, Lname, Bdate, Address, Sex, Salary, SuperSSN, Dno), b. PROJECT (Pnumber, Pname, Plocation, Dnum), c. WORKS ON (Essn, Pno, Hours), d. DEPARTMENT (Dname, Dnumber, Mgr_ssn, Mgr Start date) [5]
The Relational Data Model and Relational Database Constraints
1.
Discuss the different types of failures. What is meant by catastrophic failure? [5]
2.
What is Relational Data model? How Relation is different than Flat file? [5]
Transaction Processing and Concurrency Control, and Recovery
1.
What is Transaction? Draw a Transaction state diagram and discuss the typical state that a transaction goes through during execution. [10]
2.
What is meant by the concurrent execution of database transactions in a multiuser system? Discuss why concurrency control is needed, and give informal examples. [5]